The HCV Antibody Test detects the presence of antibodies against the Hepatitis C Virus in the blood. These antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to an HCV infection, indicating current or past exposure to the virus.
Purpose of the Test:
•Screen for HCV infection: Identifies individuals who may have been exposed to the Hepatitis C virus.
•Diagnose chronic HCV infection: A positive result may indicate an ongoing infection requiring further evaluation.
•Monitor high-risk groups: Commonly used for individuals at risk of HCV, such as those with a history of IV drug use, blood transfusions before 1992, or healthcare exposure.
•Confirm past infection: Distinguishes between a resolved infection and a current infection with follow-up tests.
When the Test Is Done:
•Symptoms of HCV infection, such as fatigue, jaundice, or abdominal pain.
•Routine screening in high-risk populations or during prenatal care.
Key Notes:
•A positive result indicates exposure to HCV, but follow-up tests like HCV RNA (PCR) are required to confirm active infection.
•A negative result typically means no exposure, but early-stage infections may not be detected (within 2–12 weeks after exposure).
•Chronic HCV can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis, or liver cancer, so timely diagnosis is critical.
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